Linguistic Facts in Former SFRY
Serbia and Montenegro became the public name of the nation as of February 4, 2003, as a result of the evolution of restructuring the country previously known as The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Serbia and Montenegro is the biggest descendant of the dissolved SFRY and made up of two states: Serbia and Montenegro.
Inside Serbia, there are two autonomous regions, Vojvodina and Kosovo. Kosovo was under the protectorate of the UN from 1999. Language politics and manipulations of time, title standards and names of different languages took an important role in the number of ethnical unrests that took place from 1990 to 1999 and it is yet a super sensitive problem in the total territory of the Balkans. Best English into Italian translation
The state language of the Republic of Serbia is Serbian (with over 6 000 000 speakers in the area of Serbia aside from Kosovo, or 88% of the population); an equal judicial status is allowed to both the Cyrillic and the Roman alphabet, but the latest is preferred by Serbian authorities. Less spread languages, that are also in governmental use in the parts where they are spoken, are Hungarian (according to the 2002 census data of the Statistical Institute of the Republic of Serbia, estimated at 286 500 natives), Bosnian (134 500 people), Romanian (82 000 speakers), Albanian (63 500 citizens), Slovakian (57 500 speakers), Valachian (55 000 speakers), Romanian (34 500 speakers), Croatian (27 500 natives), Bulgarian (16 500 speakers), and Macedonian (14 500 speakers). Local languages are used at all levels of education: in primary schools, high schools, and at colleges and universities. One linguistic effect of the political and ethnic vulnerabilities of the last decade of XX century is that the language that previously was officially named Serbo-Croat has received several new ethnically and politically based names. As a result, the names Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnianare politically determined and refer to the same tongue with possible slight changes. The language has two general dialects, Ekavian and Ijekavian.
Although, in general, Ekavian is spread more in Serbia (and parts of Croatia), and Ijekavian is spoken more in Montenegro (and also in Bosnia, Herzegovina, and parts of Croatia), these variations do not coincide with the nationally motivated names.
The language map in Kosovo is less clear now, because about 300 000 refugees from this region, mostly Serbs, are still in the process of returning to their places. This fact makes the numbers of speakers reported unpredictable. These days, by the Statistical Office of Kosovo, about 1 670 000, or 88% of the inhabitants of Kosovo, speak Albanian, and about 133 000, or 7%, are speakers of Serbian. The rest of the population (5%) speaks mostly Romanian, Bosnian, Greek. HQ-translate: translate into Greek
The official language of the Republic of Montenegro is Serbian, but there are recent developments to introduce the term Montenegrin, either parallel to or as a replacement to the term Serbian. Just as with Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian, this term refers to the one language that was named Serbo-Croat, and is first of all a matter of political resolutions and convictions.
The Cyrillic and the Roman alphabet are officially in use. The 2003 census data from the StatOffice of the Republic of Montenegro demonstrate that about 401 500, or 60% of the citizens of Montenegro, declare themselves as natives of Serbian, about 145 000 (22%) speak Montenegrin, nearly 49 500 (7%) speak Albanian, 29 000 (4%) are speakers of Bosnian, and approx. 3000 speak either Croatian or Romany.